Active Atom Materials - Stainless Steel Group

Stainless Steel

Add 10.5% chromium or greater to your alloyed steel and you have stainless steel.
The process produces all of the materials we precision machine at Active Atom.
There are 5 classes of stainless steels

Austenitic

Nonmagnetic solid of iron and other alloying elements) we are naming no-mag no-ht
This stainless is non-magnetic and cannot be heat treated.

Ferritic

This stainless is magnetic and cannot be heat treated.

Martensitic

This stainless is magnetic and can be heat treated.

Duplex

This is 50% ferritic and 50% austenitic.

PH

PH (precipitation hardening) stainless is magnetic and can be heat treated and aged.
The PH stainless can be machined to great precision machining before strengthening and heat treat and retain its precision machined dimensions.

Some stainless steels can be cold work hardened and if heating treatment (anneal) the metal after cold working, the hardening is removed.

100 Series

Type 102

Austenitic general purpose stainless steel no-mag no-ht

200 Series

Austenitic chromium nickel manganese alloys no-mag no-ht

Type 201

Austenitic that is hardenable through cold working no-mag no-ht
Chromium Cr 16% to 18%, Nickel 3.5% to 5.5%, Carbon C -.15%, Manganese Mn 5.5% to 7.5%, Silicon Si 0.75%, Phosphorous P 0.06%, Sulfur S 0.03%, Nitrogen 0.25%

Type 202

Austenitic general purpose stainless steel no-mag no-ht
Chromium Cr 17% to 19%, Nickel Ni 4% to 6%, Carbon C 0.15%, Manganese Mn 7.5% to 10%, Silicon Si 0.75%, Phosphorous P 0.06%, Sulfur S 0.03%, Nitrogen N 0.25%

Type 205

Chromium Cr 16.5% to 18.0%, Nickel Ni 1.00% to 1,75%, Carbon C 0.12% to 0.25%, Manganese Mn 14.0% to 15.5%, Silicon Si 0.75%, Phosphorus P 0.06%, Sulfur S 0.03%, Nitrogen 0.32% to 0.40%

300 Series

Austenitic chromium nickel alloys no-mag no-ht

Type 301

Ductile to form products, hardens while cold working, weldable, good wear resistance, better fatigue strength then 304 stainless.
Chromium Cr 16% to 18%, Nickel Ni 6% to 8%, Carbon Co.15%, Manganese Mn 2%, Silicon Si 0.75%, Phosphorus P 0.045%, Sulfur S 0.03%

Type 302

Has additional carbon for strength then 304 with equal corrosion resistance of 304.
Chromium Cr 16% to 18%, Nickel Ni 6% to 8%, Carbon Co.15%, Manganese Mn 2%, Silicon Si 0.75%, Phosphorus P 0.045%, Sulfur S 0.03%

Type 302B

Chromium Cr 17% to 19%, Nickel Ni 6% to 8%, Carbon Co.15%, Manganese Mn 2%, Silicon Si 2.0%, to 3.0% Phosphorus P 0.045%, Sulfur S 0.03%

Type 303

The free machining version of 304 through the alloying with sulfur and phosphorus.
Chromium Cr 17% to 19%, Nickel Ni 8% to 10%, Carbon Co.15%, Manganese Mn 2%, Silicon Si 1.00%, Phosphorus P 0.2%, Sulfur S 0.15%, (optional) Molybdenum Mo 0.60%

Type 303Se

Chromium Cr 17% to 19%, Nickel Ni 6% to 8%, Carbon Co.15%, Manganese Mn 2%, Silicon Si 1.00%, Phosphorus P 0.2%, Sulfur S 0.06%

Type 304

Stainless steels most popular type is 18-8 18% chromium Cr and 8%nickel higher corrosion resistance then the 400 series of stainless steels.
Chromium Cr 18% to 20%, Nickel Ni 8% to 10%, Carbon Co 0.08%, Manganese Mn 2%, Silicon Si 0.75%, Phosphorus P 0.045%, Sulfur S 0.03%, Nitrogen N 0.1%

Type 304L

Not as strong as 304 because it has “L” lower carbon it increases the weldability.
Chromium Cr 16% to 18%, Nickel Ni 8% to 12%, Carbon Co 0.03%, Manganese Mn 2%, Silicon Si 0.75%, Phosphorus P 0.045%, Sulfur S 0.03%, Nitrogen 0.1%

Type 304LN

Similar to 304L, LN has added nitrogen N increasing yield and tensile strengths.
Chromium Cr 18% to 20%, Nickel Ni 8% to 12%, Carbon Co 0.03%, Manganese Mn 2%, Silicon Si 0.75%, Phosphorus P 0.045%, Sulfur S 0.03%, Nitrogen 0.1% to 0.16%

Type 304Cu

Chromium Cr 17% to 19%, Nickel Ni 8% to 10%, Carbon Co 0.08%, Manganese Mn 2%, Silicon Si 0.75%, Phosphorus P 0.045%, Sulfur S 0.03%, 3% to 4% Copper Cu

Type 304N

Chromium Cr 18% to 20%, Nickel Ni 8% to 10.50%, Carbon Co 0.08%, Manganese Mn 2%, Silicon Si 0.75%, Phosphorus P 0.045%, Sulfur S 0.03%, Nitrogen N 0.10% to 0.16%

Type 305

Chromium Cr 17% to 19%, Nickel Ni 10.50% to 13.00%, Carbon Co .12%, Manganese Mn 2%, Silicon Si 0.75%, Phosphorus P 0.045%, Sulfur S 0.03%

Type 308

This is a filler metal when welding 304 stainless.
Chromium Cr 19% to 21%, Nickel Ni 10% to 12%, Carbon Co 0.08%, Manganese Mn 2%, Silicon Si 1.00%, Phosphorus P 0.045%, Sulfur S 0.03%

Type 309

Higher temperature resistance then 304 is a filler material when welding different steels together, known as dissimilar metal welding.
Chromium Cr 22% to 24%, Nickel Ni 12% to 15%, Carbon Co 0.2%, Manganese Mn 2%, Silicon Si 1.00, Phosphorus P 0.045%, Sulfur S 0.03%

Type 309S

Chromium Cr 22% to 24%, Nickel Ni 12% to 15%, Carbon Com 0.08%, Manganese Mn 2%, Silicon Si 1.00%, Phosphorus P 0.045%, Sulfur S 0.03%

Types 310 and 310S

High chromium CR and nickel Ni alloying make this no-mag no-ht stainless steel good for high temperature, high strength, high oxidation resistance still it is ductile good for welding.

Type 310

Chromium Cr 24% to 26%, Nickel Ni 19% to 22%, Carbon Co 0.25%, Manganese Mn 2%, Silicon Si 0.75%, Phosphorus P 0.045%, Sulfur S 0.03%

Type 310S

Chromium Cr 24% to 26%, Nickel Ni 19% to 22%, Carbon Co 0.08%, Manganese Mn 2%, Silicon Si 0.75%, Phosphorus P 0.045%, Sulfur S 0.03%

Type 314

Chromium Cr 23% to 26%, Nickel Ni 19% to 22%, Carbon Co 0.25%, Manganese Mn 2%, Silicon Si 1.5% to3.0%, Phosphorus P 0.045%, Sulfur S 0.03%

Type 316

Marine type stainless steel, this is the number 2 most popular stainless steel to the stainless star 304 SS, this material is utilized in the marine, food and medical surgical industries due to the addition of molybdenum Mo added resistance chloride corrosion.
Chromium Cr 16% to 18%, Nickel Ni 10% to 14%, Carbon Co 0.08%, Manganese Mn 2%, Silicon Si 0.75%, Phosphorus P 0.045%, Sulfur S 0.03%, Nitrogen N 0.10%, Molybdenum Mo 2.0% to 3.0%

Type 316L

Higher then 316 SS because of the “L” lower carbon alloying this SS is utilized for the wristwatch and marine industries.
Chromium Cr 16% to 18%, Nickel Ni 10% to 14%, Carbon Co 0.03%, Manganese Mn 2%, Silicon Si 0.75%, Phosphorus P 0.045%, Sulfur S 0.03%, Nitrogen 0.10%, Molybdenum Mo 2.0% to 3.0%

Type 316F

Chromium Cr 16% to 18%, Nickel Ni 10% to 14%, Carbon Co 0.08%, Manganese Mn 2%, Silicon Si 1.00%, Phosphorus P 0.2%, Sulfur S 0.10% minimum, Molybdenum Mo 1.75% to 2.50%

Type 316N

Chromium Cr 16% to 18%, Nickel Ni 10% to 14%, Carbon Co 0.08%, Manganese Mn 2%, Silicon Si 0.75%, Phosphorus P 0.045%, Sulfur S 0.03%, Nitrogen N 0.10% to 0.16%, Molybdenum Mo 2.0% to 4.0%

Type 316Ti

Higher heat resistance due to added titanium Ti during alloying.
Chromium Cr 16% to 18%, Nickel Ni 10% to 14%, Carbon Co 0.08%, Manganese Mn 2%, Silicon Si 0.75%, Phosphorus P 0.045%, Sulfur S 0.03%, Nitrogen N .01%, Molybdenum Mo 2.0% to 3.0% Titanium Ti 5x% (C+N)

Type 317

Chromium Cr 18% to 20%, Nickel Ni 11% to 15%, Carbon Co 0.08%, Manganese Mn 2%, Silicon Si 0.75%, Phosphorus P 0.045%, Sulfur S 0.03%, Nitrogen 0.10% maximum, Molybdenum Mo 3.0% to 4.0%

Type 317L

Chromium Cr 18% to 20%, Nickel Ni 11% to 15%, Carbon Co 0.03%, Manganese Mn 2%, Silicon Si 0.75%, Phosphorus P 0.045%, Sulfur S 0.03%, Nitrogen 0.03%, Molybdenum Mo 3.0% to 4.0%

Type 321

Similar 304 with added titanium Ti reduces weld decay.
Chromium Cr 16% to 18%, Nickel Ni 6% to 8%, Carbon Co 0.08%, Manganese Mn 2%, Silicon Si 0.75%, Phosphorus P 0.045%, Sulfur S 0.03%, Nitrogen 0.10% maximum, Titanium Ti 5 (Carbon C + Nitrogen N) minimum 0.70% maximum

Type 329

Chromium Cr 23% to 28%, Nickel Ni 2.5% to 5.0%, Carbon Co 0.08%, Manganese Mn 2%, Silicon Si 0.75%, Phosphorus P 0.04%, Sulfur S 0.03%, Molybdenum Mo 1.0% to 2.0%

Type 330

Chromium Cr 17% to 20%, Nickel Ni 34% to378%, Carbon Co 0.08%, Manganese Mn 2%, Silicon Si 0.75% to 1.50%, Phosphorus P 0.04%, Sulfur S 0.03%

Type 347

Chromium Cr 17% to 19%, Nickel Ni 9.0% to 13.0%, Carbon Co 0.08%, Manganese Mn 2%, Silicon Si 0.75%, Phosphorus P 0.045%, Sulfur S 0.030%, Niobium Nb + Tantalum Ta 10x Carbon C minimum, 1 maximum

Type 348

Calcium is added to aid machinability without any other uses arising.
Chromium Cr 17% to 19%, Nickel Ni 9.0% to 13.0%, Carbon Co 0.08%, Manganese Mn 2%, Silicon Si 0.75%, Phosphorus P 0.045%, Sulfur S 0.030%, Niobum Nb+ Tantalum Ta 10xC minimum, but 0.10 Tantalum Ta maximum: 0.20% Calcium Ca

Type 384

Chromium Cr 15% to 17%, Nickel Ni 17% to 19%, Carbon Co 0.08%, Manganese Mn 2%, Silicon Si 1.00%, Phosphorus P 0.045%, Sulfur S 0.03%

400 Series Ferritic

Ferritic is low carbon, ductile, magnetic yes, heat treat no, annealing yes corrosion crack resistant stainless steel.

Type 405

Good for welding applications.
Chromium 11.5% to 14.5%, Carbon C 0.08%, Manganese 1.00%, Silicon Si 1.00%. phosphorus P 0.04%, Sulfur S 0.03%, Aluminum Al 0.01% to 0.3% 0.60% maximum

Type 409

Utilized in the heat gas exchange systems of major equipment as well as the truck and automotive industries as exhaust systems.
Chromium 10.50% to 11.75%, Nickel Ni 0.05%, Carbon C 0.08%, Manganese 1.00%, Silicon Si 1.00%. phosphorus P 0.45%, Sulfur S 0.03%, Titanium Ti 6 x (Carbon C + Nitrogen N)

Type 429

Chromium 14% to 16%, Nickel Ni 0.75%, Carbon C 0.12%, Manganese Mn 1.00%, Silicon Si 1.00%, Phosphorus P 0.04%, Sulfur 0.03%

Type 430

Ferritic formable less corrosion resistance not good for heat applications known as a decorative stainless steel.
Chromium 16% to 18%, Nickel Ni 0.75%, Carbon C 0.12%, Manganese Mn 1.00%, Silicon Si 1.00%, Phosphorus P 0.04%, Sulfur 0.03%

Type 430F

Chromium 16% to 18%, Carbon C 0.12%, Manganese Mn 1.00%, Silicon Si 1.00%, Phosphorus P 0.06%, Sulfur 0.03%, Molybdenum 0.60% (optional)

Type 430Se

Chromium 16% to 18%, Carbon C 0.12%, Manganese Mn 1.25%, Silicon Si 1.00%, Phosphorus P 0.06%, Sulfur 0.015% minimum Selenium Se 0.15% minimum

Type 434

Chromium Cr 16% to 18%, Carbon C 0.12%, Manganese Mn 1.00%, Silicon Si 1.00%, Phosphorus P 0.04%, Sulfur S 0.03%, Molybdenum Mo 0.75% to 1.25%

Type 436

Chromium Cr 16% to 18%, Carbon C 0.12%, Manganese Mn 1.00%, Silicon Si 1.00%, Phosphorus P 0.04%, Sulfur S 0.03%, Molybdenum Mo 0.75% to 1.25%, Niobium Nb + Tantalum Ta 5 x Carbon C minimum 0.70% maximum

Type 439

Ferritic high corrosion resistance high temperature resistance utilized in catalectic converter systems. Called a high grade of the 409 stainless steel.
Chromium Cr 17.0% to 19.0%, Nickel Ni 0.50, Carbon C 0.30%, Manganese Mn 1.00%, Silicon Si 1.00%, Phosphorus P 0.04%, Sulfur S 0.03%, Nitrogen N.03%, Aluminum Al 0.15%, Titanium Ti 0.20% x 4 x (Carbon C + Nitrogen N) minimum 0.75% maximum

Type 442

Chromium Cr 18% to 23%, Carbon C 0.2%, Manganese Mn 1.00%, Silicon Si 1.00%, Phosphorus P 0.04%, Sulfur S 0.03%

Type 446

Chromium Cr 23% to 27% Carbon C 0.2%, Manganese Mn 1.50%, Silicon Si 1.00%, Phosphorus P 0.04%, Sulfur S 0.03%

400 Series Martensitic

Marensitic is high up to 1.2% or low carbon can be heat treated through quench or quench temper, magnetic yes.

Type 403

Chromium Cr 11.5% to 13.0%, Nickel Ni 0.60, Carbon C 0.15%, Manganese Mn 1.00%, Silicon Si 0.5%, Phosphorus P 0.04%, Sulfur S 0.03%

Type 410

Marensitic wear resistant, lower corrosion resistance.
Chromium Cr 18% to 23%, Carbon C 0.2%, Manganese Mn 1.00%, Silicon Si 1.00%, Phosphorus P 0.04%, Sulfur S 0.03%

Type 414

Chromium Cr 12.0% to 14.0%, Carbon C 0.15%, Manganese Mn 1.25%, Silicon Si 1.00%, Phosphorus P 0.04%, Sulfur S 0.03%, Molybdenum Mo 0.060% (optional)

Type 416

High sulfur free machining, great in water and salt for the ascetic foods industry.
This stainless steel is not a super corrosion resistant metal.
Chromium Cr 12% to 14%, Carbon C 0.15%, Manganese Mn 1.25%, Silicon Si 1.00%, Phosphorus P 0.06%, Sulfur S 0.15% minimum, M

Type 416Se

Chromium Cr 12% to 14%, Carbon C 0.15%, Manganese Mn 1.25%, Silicon Si 1.00%, Phosphorus P 0.06%, Sulfur S 0.06%, Selenium Se 0.15%

Type 420

Marensitic known for being for the lower grade cutlery industry, it is a very polishable stainless steel.
Chromium Cr 12% to 14%, Carbon C 0.15%, Manganese Mn 1.00%, Silicon Si 1.00%, Phosphorus P 0.04%, Sulfur S 0.03%

Type 420F

Chromium Cr 12% to 14%, Carbon C 0.15%, Manganese Mn 1.25%, Silicon Si 1.00%, Phosphorus P 0.06%, Sulfur S 0.15% minimum, Molybdenum Mo 0.60% (optional)

Type 422

Chromium Cr 11.0% to 12.5%, Nickel Ni 0.50% to 1.00%, Carbon C 0.20% to 0.25%, Manganese Mn 0.5% 1.00%, Silicon Si 0.5%, Phosphorus P 0.025%, Sulfur S 0.025%, Molybdenum Mo 0.90% to 1.25%, Vanadium V 0.20% to 0.30%, Tungsten W 0.90% to 1.25%

Type 431

Chromium Cr 15% to 17%, Nickel Ni 1.25% to 2.50%, Carbon C 0.2%, Manganese Mn 1.00%, Silicon Si 1.00%, Phosphorus P 0.04%, Sulfur S 0.03%

Type 440

Knife makers steel razor blade steel when properly heat treated.
This stainless steel after heat treat can achieve a Hardness Rockwell of 58
This is one of the hardest stainless steels there are.
Here are your four grade types.

Type 440A

Maximum stainless, lowest amount of carbon stainless steel, the most resistant to stain.
Chromium Cr 16% to 18%, Carbon C 0.60% to 0.75%, Manganese Mn 1.00%, Silicon Si 1.00%, Phosphorus P 0.04%, Sulfur S 0.03%, Molybdenum Mo 0.75%

Type 440B

Same as Type 440A with additional carbon C.
Chromium Cr 16% to 18%, Carbon C 0.75% to 0.95%, Manganese Mn 1.00%, Silicon Si 1.00%, Phosphorus P 0.04%, Sulfur S 0.03%, Molybdenum Mo 0.75%

Type 440C

More carbon C then any other 440 series, strongest Type 440, the best for knife making, not the best for sea water applications.
Chromium Cr 16% to 18%, Carbon C 0.95% to 1.20%, Manganese Mn 1.00%, Silicon Si 1.00%, Phosphorus P 0.04%, Sulfur S 0.03%, Molybdenum Mo 0.75%

Type 440F

This is the free machining stainless from the 440 series same carbon C as Type 440C.
Chromium Cr 16% to 18%, Carbon C 0.60% to 0.75%, Manganese Mn 1.25%, Silicon Si 1.00%, Phosphorus P 0.04%, Sulfur S 0.03%, Molybdenum Mo 0.75%

500 Series

Heat Resistance Chromium Alloys.

Type 501

Stainless Steel is corrosion resistant at lower temperatures, offers high heat resistance, magnetic in all conditions.
Chromium Cr 4.0% to 6.0%, Carbon C 0.10% minimum, Manganese Mn 1.00%, Silicon Si 1.00%, Phosphorus P 0.04%, Sulfur S 0.03%, Molybdenum Mo 0.40% to 0.65%

Type 502

Stainless Steel is both heat and corrosion resistant utilized in the oil and chemical industries.
Chromium Cr 4.0% to 6.0%, Carbon C 0.1% to 0.75%, Manganese Mn 1.00%, Silicon Si 1.00%, Phosphorus P 0.04%, Sulfur S 0.03%, Molybdenum Mo 0.40% to 0.65%

PH Precipitation Hardening Stainless Steels

Simi-austensitic and martensitic (high tensile strengths after heat treat)

13-8 PH

H1150M machine neat finish heat treat and straighten after improves stress resistance toughness high strength.
Iron Fe 76%, Chromium Cr 12.25% to 13.25%, Nickel Ni 7.5% to 8.5%, Molybdenum Mo 2.0% to 2.5%, Aluminum Al 0.90% to 1.35%, Manganese Mn 0.10%, Silicon Si 0.10%, Carbon C 0.05%, Nitrogen 0.01%, Phosphorus P 0.01%, Sulfur S 0.008%.

15-5 PH

Iron Fe 75%, Carbon C .07%, Cb+Ta .15% to .45%, Chromium Cr 14.0% to 15.5%, Copper Cu 2.5% to 4.5%, Manganese Mn 1.0%, Nickel Ni 3.5% to 5.5%, Phosphorus P .04%, Sulfur S .03%, Silicon Si 1.0%

17-4 PH (original PH grade)

High oxidization and corrosion resistance, strengthening and toughness achieving improved mechanical properties through heat treat.
77% Iron Fe, Carbon C .07%, Cb+Ta 5xC/.45%, Chromium Cr 15.0% to 17.5%, Copper Cu 3.0% to4.0%, Manganese Mn 1.0%, Molybdenum Mo .05%, Nickel Ni 3.0% to 5.0%, Phosphorus P .07%, Sulfur S .03%, Silicon Si 1.0%.